London 2012 Olympics Velopark
室内自行车场 英国伦敦
This competition entry for the London 2012 Olympics Velopark was completed with Thomas Heatherwick Studio and Falkner Browns. This design attempts to capture the energy of the velo racing, spinning the wood architecture of the Velodrome Stadium into a park landscape. Delicately interwoven into the overall landscape masterplan, the design works as a series of material modules that can be recycled between the hardscape Olympic program and the green Legacy phase thereafter.
In the Olympic phase the Velopark’s primary materials consist of wood pathways, recycled rubber infill zones, and a permeous asphalt material that mitigates run-off issues usually associated with such large expanses of hardscape. The asphaltic sections form curving slices of materials within movement of the pathways emerging from the Velodrome Stadium. This series of pathways are designed to filter visitors from the primary park circulation into the sanctioned event areas of a BMX course and the Velodrome Stadium.
Olympic crowds are sheltered from the heat of the London summer sun by trellis elements cropping like fins out of the landscape. These trellis elements create not only areas of shade within the hardscape but also shelters for food and beverage kiosks, restrooms, and first aid stations. Recycled rubber materials act as additional infill for the areas between the wooden pathways and create undulating topographies for seating and play.
The Velo-Fountain sits outside of the Velodrome stadium and creates additional areas for visitors to both cool off and enjoy the races happening within. The fountain is designed as a race track itself with positions on individual tracks that simultaneously ‘race’ one another around the track. The excitement of watching races within the stadium for ticketholders can happen outside as well through the Velo-Fountain.
In its transition from the site of the 2012 Olympics to a city park within London, the Velopark’s materials are carefully staged to be recycled and transitioned into a long-term growth setting. The permeous asphalt, broken in sections out of the pathways, is re-used in the Northern part of the site across the road as material for a new mountain biking course.
The recycled rubber areas are retained, further emphasized by new zones of more aggressive topography creating a BMX ‘Bikers Heaven.’ This area allows stunt riders and BMX performers to test and showcase their skills in a landscape of scoops, bumps, and jumps. The Biker’s Heaven is surrounded by wooden benches folded into the pathways, encouraging spectator participation.
A two-mile official road course links the Velopark site with the new mountain biking zone over the bridge. This specially designed course features breakaway straight sections with two hairpin curves among several other generous curls. The spinning energy of the Velopark design flows across the roadway with the road course effectively linking the North and South parts of the park. Also featured in the North area adjacent to the mountain biking zone is a Learner’s Green, a specially designed area for those just starting to learn to ride. This soft pitch is composed of plots of grass and recycled rubber hardscapes, sheltered by berms from the areas of more experienced riders to make learning safe and fun.
In an effort to neutralize the carbon emissions associated with the construction of the Velopark, the design makes an extensive use of wood. The amount of wood specified, all farmed from sustainable regrowth forests, will actually offset the carbon involved in all of the athlete’s travel to compete at the Velodrome. Once installed the wood works at further reducing carbon through the sequestering process. The selection of wood as a primary material allowed for a carbon neutral building, which was further embellished by the secondary materials of permous asphalt and recycled rubber.
This dynamic landscape design is delicately woven into the Olympic park masterplan, culminating in the intensive energy of the Velodrome itself. Modeled after the spinning energy and the wooden track of the races held within, the Velodrome design sits at the vortex of a swirling landscape, pulling visitors into the Olympic race venues. Folds and fins in the landscape pattern thoroughly integrate all of the amenities of the Olympic program, allowing for an uninterrupted environment dedicated to the sport of bicycle racing and showmanship. (Project completed by BAM in the office of Martha Schwartz, Inc.)
Project Facts Client: London 2012 Olympic Committee Architectural Design: Thomas Heatherwick Studio Stadium Consultant: Falkner Browns Structural: Adams Kara Taylor
我们与托马斯.赫斯韦克工作室（Thomas Heatherwick Studio）和福克纳.布赖恩斯（Falkner Browns）公司合作，共同完成了本次2012年伦敦奥运会室内自行车场设计的入围。本设计致力于体现室内自行车比赛的精髓，赛场的内旋式木质结构可以充分体现奥运会的精彩纷呈。本设计所用材料单元无论是在赛会硬景观使用阶段还是在之后的绿化维护阶段都是可再循环的，这充分体现了奥运景观的整体规划理念。
在赛会阶段，室内自行车场主要由木质赛道区，可再利用橡胶区，和有渗水功能的沥青材料区构成。其中，沥青材料区可以有效的缓解雨水冲刷给地面带来的压力。沥青材料的赛道，弯弯曲曲，旋转着汇集到室内自行车场，而整个室内自行车场就像旋转起来的车轮。这样设计，就是要把观众从室内自行车场边缘吸引到室内自行车和小轮车比赛区。
伦敦夏日炎炎，而奥运会恰在此时举行，网状结构就像突出的鱼鳍，正好可以为观众遮阳。这些网状结构可不仅仅是观众的庇荫所，更是食品饮料亭，休息室，急救站的遮阳所。木质赛道间是可再利用的橡胶填充带 ，这一地带成波状地形，是观众休息，嬉戏之地。
室内自行车场喷泉位于室内自行车场外，为游客额外提供了既能享受清凉又能观赏比赛的场所。喷泉本身就是个赛道，而喷泉又位于众多独特的赛道之上，所以在喷泉这里游客可以同时看很多比赛。在室内自行车场内看比赛的兴奋，在喷泉这儿，我们同样感受得到。
考虑到2012年后，奥运场馆将转型为公园，所以室内自行车场所用材料都是可再利用的，而且赛后去掉这些材料，就可以及时种上各种花草树木。可渗透性的沥青材料，打碎后运出比赛场地，可用于室内自行车场北面的山地自行车场地的建设。
可再循环的橡胶填充区保留后，经过重新包装，成为极具刺激性的娱乐场地----“室内自行天堂“。在这里，单车高手们自由骑 ，速降，过U台，各种技巧任其发挥 。单车天堂四周，小径环绕，木质长凳在其中，等待着观众来此一游。
桥的南边是室内自行车场地，北边是山地自行车场地，一条两英里长的环形跑将二者连接。这种设计十分别致，它将整个跑道隔为两段U形跑道，几段直线跑道，和数段曲线跑道。室内自行车场的自旋能设计别具特色，它流过环形跑道，穿过行车道，将市内自行车场的南北两个部分完美的联系到一起。靠近北部的山地自行车区域，有一个初学者乐园，十分有个性，是专为自行车初学者设计的。这个场地十分柔软，由草坪和可再利用的橡胶硬景观构成。边缘设有台坎，一方面是为了防止经验丰富的车手入内，另一方面是为了保证初学者在这里学的安全，开心。
为中和室内自行车场建设和使用中产生的碳辐射物，本设计广泛使用了木质材料。这些木质材料都采于可持续的再生林区，将有效调节来室内自行车场比赛运动员所需的碳比例。本木料一旦植入，将通过一系列物理化学过程进一步有效降低碳量。考虑到建设一个碳中立建筑，那么木质材料则成为首选，而具有渗透性的沥青和可再利用的橡胶材料则成为了最好的补充。
这项活力十足的场馆设计完全体现了奥林匹克公园的规划理念，使得自行车室内赛车场在充分利用自身能源方面达到了极致。自行车室内赛车场设计是基于自旋能和在木质赛道上举行比赛的考虑，这项设计是将场馆建成一个漩涡似的建筑，置身其中，四周给人以流动风景的感觉，它仿佛将参观者拉到了奥运赛场。场馆的对称折叠以及侧翼建筑充分体现了奥运精彩纷呈的魅力，这些建筑使得整个自行车室内赛车场成为一个能够完美体现自行车比赛和欣赏自行车比赛技巧的绝佳场地。(该项目由BAM在玛莎施瓦兹公司完成)
工程有关方面：客户：2012年伦敦奥组委（London 2012 Olympic Committee）建筑设计：托马斯.赫斯韦克工作室(Thomas Heatherwick Studio）场馆顾问：福克纳.布赖恩斯公司（Falkner Brown）结构设计：亚当斯.卡拉.泰勒公司（Adams Kara Taylor）